Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease, or CAD, is the most common form of cardiovascular disease and the number one cause of death in the United States and Europe. CAD is primarily caused by the accumulation of fat-laden cells, also known as plaque, in the arteries leading to the heart. Over time, the accumulation of plaque in an artery, known as a lesion, narrows the diameter of its lumen, or inner channel, and may significantly reduce or stop blood flow. A reduction in blood flow to the heart can cause chest pain, a heart attack or potentially death. CAD accounts for over 650,000 deaths annually and, according to the American Heart Association, affects over 13 million Americans. Risk factors for CAD include old age, smoking, diabetes, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and an individual's genetic history.